Symptoms
Abuse of alcohol or a substance is generally characterized by
a maladaptive pattern of alcohol or substance use leading to significant
impairment or distress, as manifested by one (or more) of the
following, occurring within a one year period:
recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to
fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home (e.g.,
repeated absences or poor work performance related to substance
use; substance-related absences, suspensions, or expulsions from
school; neglect of children or household)
recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically
hazardous (e.g., driving an automobile or operating a machine
when impaired by substance use)
recurrent substance-related legal problems (e.g., arrests for
substance-related disorderly conduct)
continued substance use despite having persistent or recurrent
social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the
effects of the substance (e.g., arguments with spouse about consequences
of intoxication, physical fights)
The Symptoms must also have never met the criteria for Alcohol/Substance
Dependence for this class of substance.
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